So far, you've had imperatives from the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd conjugations, and then later this week there will be imperatives from the 4th conjugation, and you'll be all done with the imperative forms.
To begin, here is a little slideshow (with cats) of the words you have seen before:
And here are today's proverbs:
1. Carpe noctem.
Pluck the night.
carpe noctem.
You know all the words in this saying, which is a kind of "antiproverb" (a term coined by the proverb scholar Wolfgang Mieder), playing on the saying, Carpe diem.
Here's a recap:
Plus the LOLCats!
To begin, here is a little slideshow (with cats) of the words you have seen before:
1. Carpe noctem.
Pluck the night.
carpe noctem.
You know all the words in this saying, which is a kind of "antiproverb" (a term coined by the proverb scholar Wolfgang Mieder), playing on the saying, Carpe diem.
The word noctem is the accusative form of the noun nox.
2. Perge, sed caute.
Proceed, but cautiously.
perge, sed caute.
2. Perge, sed caute.
Proceed, but cautiously.
perge, sed caute.
The imperative perge means "go forward! go! proceed!"
The adverb caute means "cautiously," and it is related to a noun you have seen already: cautela.
As you can see, the -e ending shows up in a variety of different kinds of words: there are imperatives that end in -e, and there are adverbs that end in -e, and you've also seen some nouns and adjectives that end in -e like mare and omne.
3. Divide et impera.
Divide and rule.
DI-vide et IM-pera.
The imperative divide is the same root as in English "divide!" The Latin and English words are spelled the same, but they are pronounced differently.
3. Divide et impera.
Divide and rule.
DI-vide et IM-pera.
The imperative divide is the same root as in English "divide!" The Latin and English words are spelled the same, but they are pronounced differently.
The imperative impera is from the verb you already know, imperat.
Compare the English saying "divide and conquer."
4. Surge et ambula.
Get-up and walk.
surge et AM-bula.
The imperative surge means "get up! arise!" and you can see the same root in English "surge." As with divide, the Latin and English words are spelled the same but pronounced differently.
4. Surge et ambula.
Get-up and walk.
surge et AM-bula.
The imperative surge means "get up! arise!" and you can see the same root in English "surge." As with divide, the Latin and English words are spelled the same but pronounced differently.
The imperative ambula is from the verb ambulat which you have seen already.
These famous words come from the Latin Bible, where Jesus uses the words in a miracule cure, and the words are then used by Jesus's disciples in Acts to cure a sick man: in nomine Jesu Christi Nazareni surge, et ambula, "in the name of Jesus Christ the Nazarene, get up and walk!"
5. Tolle lege, tolle lege.
Pick-up (and) read, pick-up (and) read.
tolle lege, tolle lege.
The imperative lege means "read!" You can see this Latin root in English "legible."
5. Tolle lege, tolle lege.
Pick-up (and) read, pick-up (and) read.
tolle lege, tolle lege.
The imperative lege means "read!" You can see this Latin root in English "legible."
The imperative tolle is from the verb tollit which you have seen before.
These words come from a famous passage in Augustine's Confessions; it is a crucial moment in his conversion to Christianity. Augustine had met Bishop Ambrose of Milan and was drawn to the church, but he was tormented by doubts and uncertainty. Then one day while sitting in a garden, Augustine heard a child's voice speaking out of nowhere, saying Tolle lege, tolle lege. Augustine then picked up a copy of the Bible, opened it at random, and read a verse from Letter to the Romans. You can find out more at Wikipedia: Augustine - Conversion, and you can read this passage in his Confessions.
Here's a recap:
- Carpe noctem.
- Perge, sed caute.
- Divide et impera.
- Surge et ambula.
- Tolle lege, tolle lege.
Plus the LOLCats!
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