There are also neuter nouns and adjectives in the 2nd declension, and those also end in -um. for both the nominative and the accusative. (Don't forget the secret of neuter nouns and adjectives in any Indo-European language: the nominative and accusative forms are always the same.)
And here is a little slideshow (with cats) of the words you have seen before, and you have seen almost all the words in today's sayings before!
So, here are today's proverbs:
1. Bonum habe animum.
Have (a) good spirit.
bonum habe A-nimum.
The word animum is the accusative form of the masculine noun animus, and the word bonum is the accusative form of bonus. Notice how the noun phrase bonum animum wraps around its verb.
The sense of this saying is something like "be of good cheer!" in English, be confident, be optimistic. It's a saying found in classical Latin; the Roman playwright Plautus used it, for example, in his play Aulularia.
2. Invenit deus maleficum.
God finds (the) evildoer.
IN-venit deus ma-LE-ficum.
The word maleficum is the accusative form of the masculine noun maleficus, "evil-doer" (male-ficus, from the verb facit; see below).
5. Cucullus non facit monachum.
The cowl doesn't make (the) monk.
cu-CUL-lus non facit MO-nachum.
The noun cucullus means "hood," especially a monk's hood, and it is the origin of the English word "cowl."
The word monachum is the accusative form of the masculine noun, monachus, so monachum is the object of the verb, and cucullus is the subject.
And here is a little slideshow (with cats) of the words you have seen before, and you have seen almost all the words in today's sayings before!
1. Bonum habe animum.
Have (a) good spirit.
bonum habe A-nimum.
The word animum is the accusative form of the masculine noun animus, and the word bonum is the accusative form of bonus. Notice how the noun phrase bonum animum wraps around its verb.
The sense of this saying is something like "be of good cheer!" in English, be confident, be optimistic. It's a saying found in classical Latin; the Roman playwright Plautus used it, for example, in his play Aulularia.
2. Invenit deus maleficum.
God finds (the) evildoer.
IN-venit deus ma-LE-ficum.
The word maleficum is the accusative form of the masculine noun maleficus, "evil-doer" (male-ficus, from the verb facit; see below).
So, deus is the subject of the verb, and maleficum is the object.
3. Amicus amicum adiuvat.
(A) friend helps (a) friend.
a-MI-cus a-MI-cum AD-iuvat.
The word amium is the accusative form of the masculine noun amicus, both of which you see in this saying: amicus is the subject, and amicum is the object.
4. Factum stultus cognoscit.
(A) fool understands the-done-deed.
factum stultus cog-NOS-cit.
The word factum is a 2nd-declension neuter adjective, and it's a participle from the verb facit, "makes, does," and factum thus means "made, done," and also a thing-that-is-done, a deed. (Much as English "deed" is related to English "did").
3. Amicus amicum adiuvat.
(A) friend helps (a) friend.
a-MI-cus a-MI-cum AD-iuvat.
The word amium is the accusative form of the masculine noun amicus, both of which you see in this saying: amicus is the subject, and amicum is the object.
4. Factum stultus cognoscit.
(A) fool understands the-done-deed.
factum stultus cog-NOS-cit.
The word factum is a 2nd-declension neuter adjective, and it's a participle from the verb facit, "makes, does," and factum thus means "made, done," and also a thing-that-is-done, a deed. (Much as English "deed" is related to English "did").
You can deduce that factum is in the accusative case here because stultus is the subject. Notice that the object comes before the subject here, the opposite of the usual English word order.
The idea behind this saying is that a fool, stultus, doesn't understand things in the abstract, and he acts without thinking, only recognizing, cognoscit, the danger or risk after something has been done, factum, and he suffers the consequences.
5. Cucullus non facit monachum.
The cowl doesn't make (the) monk.
cu-CUL-lus non facit MO-nachum.
The noun cucullus means "hood," especially a monk's hood, and it is the origin of the English word "cowl."
The word monachum is the accusative form of the masculine noun, monachus, so monachum is the object of the verb, and cucullus is the subject.
You've already seen two other sayings that express the same idea: Habitus non facit monachum and Non tonsura facit monachum.
Here's a recap:
Plus the LOLCats!
Here's a recap:
- Bonum habe animum.
- Invenit deus maleficum.
- Amicus amicum adiuvat.
- Factum stultus cognoscit.
- Cucullus non facit monachum.
Plus the LOLCats!
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